The Travels of a T-Shirt - Government Subsidies Essay

The Travels of a island of Jersey - Government Subsidies - Essay ExampleIn agreement with government subsidies, this form of government intervention reduces the cost of production and encourages the producers to increase output. Government intervention/producer subsidies are of heterogeneous forms. An example is state subsidies. give in subsidies are financed from general taxation or by borrowing (Schuster, 2006). Government subsidies cause various tillable firms supply curve to shift to the right. The amount spent on subsidy by the government is equivalent to the subsidy per unit multiplied by total output (Day & Schoemaker, 2005). A count subsidy commonly offered by a government to supplement consumers demands has the effect of boosting demand. This results in an outer shift of demand. Examples of subsidies include an input subsidy, bails, fiscal assistance (loans and grants), government grants to cover losses made by business and a guaranteed on the factor cost of a product .Subsidies make sense in various demand and supply situations of the economy. The travels of T-shirt in Global Economy represents some of the scenarios in which subsidies may mould a crucial role in the examination of market forces, power and politics of world slyness (Rivoli, 2015). The overall international trade topic is a very crucial topic to discuss in the abstract though when this topic is focused on a single product, it is easy to be dealt with (World trust Group, 2011). Subsidies in the international trade in most cases dwell with specific products. Only in thorough cases in the world economy do subsidies deal with conglomerate products. Through the story of travels of T-shirt, globalization advocacy is portrayed critically as the major issue behind international trade and individual state of matters economy development (Prono, 2006). The competitive economic markets and increased living standards at the expense of the utmost and minimum wage bills among different

Nursing research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Nursing enquiry - Essay ExampleHowever, the hospital can non involve the four nurses in the pediatric ward, which consequently requires the identification of unitary nurse who has extra training on children care. The identified nurse pass on be given the debt instrument of equipping nurses with skills to assess, manage, and control pain in children. In addition, the pain nurse allow provide the pediatric ward nurses with the skills to incorporate parents during pain management in order to provide personalized care. Resources required for proposed transform In order to achieve successful implementation of any political platform, or proposed change, it is essential to allocate adapted imagings that supported the implementation of the proposed change. In line with this, the fundamental resources required to implement this proposed change are not financial in nature, but they revolve around the availability of human resources in the hospital. In this case, the hospital requires a pain nurse who has pediatric training in order to handle the lead share of pain management in the hospitals pediatric ward. On the other hand, the nurse requires the resource of time to train nurses in the pediatric ward and equip them with the skills required to assess, manage, and control pain in children. In line with this, financial resources will play an essential role in providing the materials required for training. Methods for monitor solution implementation A program that is not monitored during its implementation can fail to achieve its objectives. In line with this, it is important to monitor a program in an approach that was effective and efficient in order to take corrective measures and bring forward the likelihood of achieving success. As the person responsible for this program, I will engage my mentor and the pain nurse in the monitoring process. In this case, my mentor and I will gather data from the nurses in the pediatric ward using a questionnaire that teste d the efficacy of the program in the processes of assessing, managing, and controlling pain in children in this ward. Through a comparative analysis of this data, we will be able to get wind the areas in the program that required improvement in order to promote the quality of care in patients. Conversely, I will ask the pain nurse to keep a record of the incidents that she witnesses as pediatric nurses manage pain in the wards. In effect, I will identify institutionalises that required correction and develop approaches that corrected these approaches together with the pain nurse who will engage in the implementation process. Theory of planned change McNiff developed an eight- stones throw model of action research that was instrumental in the implementation of this planned change. Primarily, the theory of planned change begins with a review of a nursing practice that identifies the change required. In this case, the review identified the need to manage pain in the hospital in an ef fective approach. Subsequently, the theory proposed a visualization of the way forward, which provides the vision for developing the program with the fifth step involving the implementation of this program while using the action aid developed. During the process of implementation, it is important to engage in the process of monitoring the progress of the implementation process with the monitoring process providing corrective approaches that require evaluation. These approaches should be continuously implemented in order to achieve the

Economic Issues in 20th century Latin America Essay

Economic Issues in 20th century Latin America - study ExampleThe economy of such countries as Chile, Mexico, Argentina and Peru is now much to a greater extent open than before. purge in Brazil, where the resistance to market reforms continued in the 90 years, political science policy as a whole turned in the direction of foreign trade liberalization and privatization. The changes in both spheres semipolitical and economical were rather difficult for the countries. In contrast to the predictions of many analysts new democratic regimes have be to be viable even in a severe economic crisis. Ultimately, most of them show the capability to implement difficult but much- filmed market reforms. directly the countries of Latin America are facing new, more complex tasks, which differ from the previous problems at least in two important aspects. First of all, conditions of policy have changed. In the past reformers were opposed by supporters of import-replacing model and the dominant role of the state. Before government did not pay so much attention to the problems of private investment, market competition, and prudent macroeconomic policies. Now the debate is centered on the extent of state support to private sector and focus on the issues like distribution and the actual economic growth. There are the disputes around the economic policy which virtually related to the changing nature of policy challenges facing the young democracies of Latin America. The task of overthrowing the military totalism and preventing the return to authoritarian rule gave way to the issues of efficiency and accountability of the elected governments. The results of these political challenges impact on the issues of economic growth and property. Economic overview and challenges The neoliberal reforms of 80-90-ies have been repeatedly criticized and continue to cause controversy today. The incentives for economic growth, which are created by market-oriented policies, derive from sever al sources. In the context of economic globalization, external financing is authoritative for the balance of payments in all countries. In Latin America, as in other developing countries, governments in most cases are aware of the importance of noticeing the confidence of private investors and institutions like the IMF and World Bank. The significance of these goals is come up demonstrated by the Mexican peso crisis. In 80-ies a typical reaction to these events was to limit imports and large(p) movements, in the mid-90ies answer to the crisis was the deepening of liberal reforms. The past experience has also demonstrated how important it is to maintain continuity of policy. Export-oriented East Asian countries have successfully emerged from the debt crisis, which sharply contrasted with the profound failure of the political experiments in Brazil, Argentina and Peru. The lessons of this experience are still being discussed, but already had a consensus on the need for a cautious a pproach to macroeconomic policy (Frieden, 2000). Finally, the probability of the direct cancellation of the results of past reforms is limited by internal factors. In countries such as Chile and Mexico, the political influence of export-oriented business provides a justly motivation for the continuity of policies. Moreover, the successful stabilization programs have gained wide popularity among lower-income groups, which particularly were affected by soaring inflation. Thus, although the opposition argue for more vigorous measures to

MRES7014 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

MRES7014 - Assignment Exampleion comes as a result of the deviate contact of the head and the socket unlike the pincer condition that that is experienced at the front-top rim of the socket that eventually leads to the wrongfulness of the labral cartilage. This condition however is characterized by the areas where it damages including the cartilage, labral tears, early hips arthritis and the back pain. The result of the diagnosis of either name might lead to chondral lesions and labral pathology. Patients of these two conditions are presented with radiographs, CT and MRA.Consequently, this condition of FAI is being experienced by the juicy level athletes and people who are actively involved in sports. Traditionally, the hip pain in adults has been likened to the degenerative joint disease in the joint. However, studies show that there are young patients with this disease that are referred to doctors without being diagnosed with arthritis. Additionally, the subtle drawn and soft tissues problems can result to problems of the hip in young adults who are actively involved in sports (Andrews, 2000).It is stated that such problems might result to premature arthritis. However, with increased research, early diagnosis of the disease has been realistic through the examination of hip impingement and radiological imaging through magnetic resonance arthrograpghy (MRA). magic spell there is unclear literature regarding the cause of primary osteoarthritis, some clinicians believe that FAI might be the sole reason for the occurrence and progression of the condition in human beings. So, the FAI condition also results to abutment of the section mingled with the proximal femur and the acetabular rim (Beck, 2004). The FAI condition can be treated through discordant means with surgery only being one of the choices. Others include through open or arthroscopic exploration of the hip in order to improve the femoral head neck junction.Coil selection is the form of choosing coil elements for FAI diagnosis based on the size, construction,

Painter Francisco de Goya Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

panther Francisco de Goya - Essay ExampleFrancisco de Goya then moved to pigment cartoon design for the royal tapestry mill in Madrid from 1775 to 1792, which was considered as the most important phase in de Goyas artistic development. This depiction as a tapestry designer provided the experience for de Goya to paint genre paintings or paintings derived from everyday life. It do him a keen observer of everyday behaviour of people which served as the technical foundation for him to paint his later renowned works such as First of May which was a social comment about peasants uprising against French occupation in Spain (www.franciscodegoya.net, 2014). He was also an wishful follower of the works of Velazquez that influenced his looser and more spontaneous painting technique.Later, Francisco de Goya explored his method by learning neoclassicism which was gaining popularity over the fancy dah during his time. He then became a established portrait painter to the Spanish monarchy w here he was elect to the Royal Academy of San Fernando in 1780, named as painter of the king 1786 and a court painter in 1789 (www.franciscodegoya.net, 2014). As a court painter, Goya was fashionable painter and high society portraitist. During the height of his success, De Goya was not hardly a fashionable court painter but also an advocate of justice and a check supporter for ending the war. He is considered as a social recorder of his countrymens struggle and travails whose style was associated with anciens regimes or the first of the moderns (Web Gallery of Art, nd).Francisco de Goyas The Third of May 1808 is his most known artwork. It featured a peasant being shot by a soldier in the middle of a night. It was deliberately painted with the face of the executioner kept to be anonymous to highlight the drama of innocent civil that was about to be executed. In this particular work, the artistry was

Giovanni's Room novel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Giovannis Room novel - Essay ExampleIt is said that this issue took a long term before Descartes decided to highlight the issue in the air. On the other hand Cartesian Dualism just works on a specific factor that is if there is dual existence of man.According to the philosophic view of mind, dualism puts emphasis on the difference of radical manner between mind and matter. The issue is that there is denial of some facts in the nature of dualism. An argument states that the mind is not the same as the head teacher while others say that the mind is not a product of the mind. Talking of dualism, according to Descartes, man is consisted of ii aspects which are matter or body and mind. These are the main factors that keep the aspect of dualism to prosper in the real world.Body or matter is the physical substance that does several physical things such as walking, talking and playing the accordion. On the other hand, mind is known as the substance of non-physical nature that has a thi nking capacity, a doubting capability and it has the ability to remember several issues. It is some judgment of convictions related to the soul.In the novel Giovannis room, Baldwin expresses the issue of body and mind in so many issues thus termination hand in hand with the argument by Descartes. For example, in the novel, time is an important aspect that is brought to certify how David is out of time in making certain decisions. This shows that David is unable to think so as to produce the right decisions. This means that Davids mind is not representing the roles of the mind of having the capability of thinking. Baldwin uses this scene to give a show on the issue of mind and its roles. Additionally, it is also shown in the letters written by Davids father to David urging him to make up his mind on what he is doing for his life. At one time Davids father repeatedly reminded David of his age and urged him to go back to America. This means that David

Read an article in an art magazine then write the summary Essay - 2

Read an article in an art cartridge clip then write the summary - Essay ExampleOn the other hand, the picture in this powder magazine has coherent identities for sprawling multinationals such as the International Minerals & Chemical Corporation, Aluminum Company of America and train Manhattan Bank. Spector and Kitnick (2014) further state that the Minimalist objects organized in the gallery are Carl Andres zinc dump piece, Donald Judds steel box and one modular aluminum carvings by Sol LeWitt.The magazine shows the arguments do by Spector that the connection observed in Objects and Logotypes was centered on more than unplanned resemblances. Spector went on to square off a collective rhetorical foundation undergirding the morphological resemblances. He went on to state that the Minimal sculpture and corporate identity programs are seen as robust social values reflectors, even though the designers and artists may have completely dissimilar attitudes to the stated values (Spector and Kitnick, 2014).In conclusion, the magazine reports that the nuanced link posited by Spector mingled with the surrounding corporate culture and Minimal artists was centered neither on clearly antagonistic positions or ironic appropriation gestures. It goes on to state that branding strategies have been everywhere in the present eld and the project done by Spector may be used as a perceptive mannikin in understanding the changing connection between corporate and art

Motivating Employees and Self-Managed Teams Essay

Motivating Employees and Self-Managed Teams - Essay specimenAs a state of mind, Bruce and Pepitone described this as the attitudes and perceptions of individuals manifesting in the willingness to contribute greater effort towards the operation of organizational goals with the willingness conditioned by expectation of satisfying individual objectives (2). State of mind depends on confused factors. Nickels and McHugh identified these factors as scientific management (260) in organizations, the Hawthorne effect with perceptions of organizational concern towards employees linked to confirming outcomes (262), a work environment meeting an individuals hierarchy of needs (263), existence of positive incentives and challenges (269), and intrinsic and adscititious factors influencing job satisfaction (265).As a process, Bruce and Pepitone described motivation as the process of arousing, directing and maintaining attitudes, port and perceptions towards the attainment of organizational g oals (2). Nickels and McHugh discussed motivation as the facilitation of the interaction between individual and organizational goals (273) in a manner that ensures the achievement of individual and organizational expectations (274) and perceived as fair (275). ... Motivating individual employees is authorized to the business environment because this creates a number of benefits. First benefit is job satisfaction (Nickels and McHugh 260), which refers to the positive aroused condition of employees that comes from their personal appraisal and/or organizational military operation assessment of accomplished assigns. Job satisfaction means employees feeling better about the value of their work contribution to the organization, going beyond token(prenominal) expectations, and positive response to designate completion. This is important in the coeval business environment because of its link to node service and satisfaction. Satisfied employees are likely to do better in their work. This spills over to their treatment of customers. Customers indeed receive better service and improved experience of the products and services of the firm (Nickels and McHugh 260). This could lead to repeat purchases and counterbalance loyalty. Second benefit is improved individual performance, which when combined translates into improved organizational performance (Bruce and Pepitone 38). This links employee performance and organizational performance. Employee performance refers to both work outcomes and task completion processes. Measurement of work outcomes could include task completion based on quotas or other standards applied by the organization. Efficiency in task completion by working with errors at a minimum level, targeting more than the minimum expectations, and better trend towards work also reflect the performance of motivated employees. Improved individual performance is important to the contemporary business environment because

CONTRACT MANUFACTURING Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

CONTRACT MANUFACTURING - Essay ExampleThis enables these organizations to dedicate their resources, time and workforce to the tasks that be central and pivotal to their primary business and at which, they are really good at (Krekora 2008).These companies snuggle the potential puzzle manufacturers with a specific process, design or prototype. The contract manufacturers quote their price, while fetching into consideration, the procedures, tools, labour, costs and inputs requisite for the product under consideration. In that context, the customer firms do prefer to procure dual quotes from varied contract manufacturers. This enables them to maximize their profitability and quality, by selecting a bidder that is most capable and competitive in terms of price and technology. Once a contract manufacturer is selected, one takes care of all the procurement, manufacturing, logistics and tag on chain issues associated with the assigned task. The task may involve the manufacturing of a co mplete product, to the assembly of specific components. Thus, contract manufacturing is one form of outsourcing. There exist many reputed and established brands that opt to go for contract manufacturing, sooner of maintaining their own plants and logistics facilities. Since 2005, this business practice has gained a solid foothold in the international pharmaceutical industry. alter pragmatic and strategic reasons have contributed to this trend.In the current scenario, the international manufacturing industry affiliated to pharmaceuticals and drugs has exhibited an extensive growth. major(ip) pharmaceutical companies in the developed and the developing world have finally come to the conclusion that they brave to reap massive benefits by going for outsourcing and contract manufacturing. Resorting to contract manufacturing enables these pharmaceutical companies to build on their boilers suit production capacities, without incurring the commensurate

Ethnography Assignment Worksheet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Ethnography Assignment Worksheet - Essay manikina between the black and white races in the Old Fourth Ward, and the Auburn Avenues main drag was called the richest Negro street in the world (McCall). There are also many films based on racism and class system that have been made in the past. One such(prenominal) film is A Day With forbidden a Mexican in which a pink fog draws the Mexicans out of California. My fieldwork site is a park in the Downtown Manchester, NH. The neighborhood immediately ring my fieldwork site is analogous mixed commercial and residential. It is easy for me to get to my site since it is located in my home-city. The Veterans Park consists of a branch area for concerts and a memorial for fallen soldiers. I observed that the park is not divided and homeless and non-homeless people are mixed within the park. The US flags have been used to decorate the park. The park is conterminous to a main street, which makes it sound like a typical city with the noises of people, cars, trucks, and traffic. Usually, the noise is more during the sidereal day than the night since the load of traffic in the night is lesser and also, the birds that chirp rough during the day sequester to their nests in the night. The land in the park is all covered in thick grass which is real pleasant and sweet to the smell. Occasionally, car fumes can be smelled as well, particularly when they are set with a rush. The park setting is both relaxing and comfortable. Since it is a park, there are benches placed around the periphery of the green areas. The land is mostly covered in grass with concrete walkways running by the open areas. Many people bring food and eatables with them as the natural beauty makes the park a nice picnic spot. Most of the people are from the working class. Spceially, the civil servants and the private sector employees from surrounding buildings visit the park for recreation and timepass. Mnay visitors are middle-aged though the community o f visitors is diverse as the visitors grow with their families including children

Strategies for Reaching the New Hybrid Consumer Research Proposal

Strategies for Reaching the New Hybrid Consumer - explore Proposal ExampleMany major enterprises, including Ford, General Electric and Merck, have invested millions in web-based procurement systems. This precede invoice that use to cost $100 to process now cost as little as $20. Companies are also forming online buying alliances to secure even deeper volume discounts from suppliers. GM, Ford and Daimler Chrysler formed co-visit and believe they piece of tail save as much as $1,200 a car by combining their purchases on this electronic market place (Kotler, 2003). As a coordinator of the team, I collected my team members with all their study materials what they had collected. I organized regular meetings of team members and as a team, we collected and debated all the information we have virtually B2B marketing from time to time. These collective analyses of study material, as well as its critical analysis, provided us with deeper perceptiveness into the various aspects of B2B marke ting. A critical reading and collective intellect provided us B2B marketing greater understanding which was free from preset ideologies, self-deception, and confinement. This collective searching and reading have provided us the openness to change done a sustained process of questioning. This process of questioning through collective reading and searching provided and clear us to various kinds of exploration, experiments with ideas, new possibilities or potential.

Starbucks and Mcdonalds Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Starbucks and Mcdonalds - Research Proposal ExampleData and information should be on the last iii to louver years for consistency in the use of statistics and comparative figures. Whatever strategies were deemed more effective, as practiced, together with validated support from other authoritative sources would be used to recommend future strategies to improve revenues, marketplace share and profits for both organizations.A review of related literature is proposed to be included as part of the research to contain information on past researches conducted for both Starbucks and McDonalds for the last three to five years. Comparative information would be gathered, evaluated and integrated to focus on strategies on products, price, place and promotions. Findings would therefore be written on which particular strategies were deemed most effective in both organizations and if these strategies can still be used to improve on the organizations performance. A review of external factors th at influence future performance of these organizations would as well as be presented prior to

Customer Service Operations Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Customer Service Operations - Term Paper sampleIn order to carry out qualitative research into the issue, the essay will follow an investigative mode.In this regard, the melodic theme will be based on the case study of ICICI which is a pencil lead bank in Asia, with a strong focus on enhancing its international base as well. It started to extend under the name ICICI in 1994 and has gone on to become the second largest bank in India. (www.icici.com) My pickax for this bank came from the fact that globalization is a major trend that has put various countries on the subprogram in terms of trends and client felicity. With a bank like ICICI, it will be easier to study circulate from the perspective of a developing bank in terms if it model of customer support systems.In this regard, the literature I have made use of is exhaustive. To begin with, there are texts on customer rapture like A Chakrabartys paper titled Barking up the wrong tree - Factors influencing customer satisfact ion in retail banking in UK. This paper has important methodologies that are imperative for the measurement of customer satisfaction. Further, the Cruickshank calculate is another important work by Don Cruickshank, which was published in March 2000, for the HM Treasury. This paper is important to the basic structure in terms of its notes on customer satisfaction and rising ambition in this sector. In this regard, Morris paper on the same theme is both a criticism as well as a summation of this paper which further helped evolve the conception and strategies for customer satisfaction i

See Attachment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

See Attachment - Essay ExampleThe author has derived solutions from various students in varied media such(prenominal) as Facebook and emails.The students talk about their experiences and therefore they can give definite answers about the topic. The intimately significant convection in the particular schoolbook is the mechanic, usage, and the sentence formation. First the author uses quotation marks to cotton up the responses are given concerning a particular topic. The author does this to show that the ideas are not his. This helps the reader to insure the topic from starting signal persons point of view (Mohan 2015). The use of the quotation marks too shows that the author has followed the stately way of writing whereby it requires one to quote other peoples ideas. The writer could withal have utilise commas to ensure that the reader does not strain while reading. The author has also used commas in complex sentences. The author has also used the first person tone in some of the answers. For instance, in the case whereby in one of the responses the student talks about how he/she used all their savings during the first weeks in school.To establish her credibility, the author uses other peoples arguments. In this case, the writer ensures that the readers get the facts from first persons experiences. To achieve this, the author derives the answers from various social media such as Facebook and emails. While reading the text one also realizes that the answers are based on first persons experiences thus giving the text the credibility it deserves. To emphasize on the reliability of the text the author has also ensured that she includes where the fact is from. The author does this by acknowledging the contributor and the place where the answer was posted. In formal writing, it is advisable to ensure that one cites any idea that it is not theres.The author also uses password appeal whereby she uses one persons experience and then generalize it. In

Assignment 11 (775) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Assignment 11 (775) - Essay ExampleThe pilot project took the setting of art, physics and geometry classes where around of the teachers and students always ignore the connection between such subjects. A new detailed integrated building block of instructions was designed in magnitude to enhance effective collaboration among the teachers. Workshops, meetings and research were used by the teachers to broaden their knowledge of curricular articulation and integrated instructions. Assessment and evaluation were conducted at the end of the erudition in order to identify encountered challenged with a view to coming up with viable solutions. The project was deemed roaring as it allowed both the teachers and students to enjoy learning as well as improving the intellectual and unrestrained development of the students.Today, many authors are fascinated by action research as illustrated in their articles and projects. there are several methods proposed by different authors on how action research should be defined, understood and use and the important factors to consider from the power of students reflection, challenges during the implementation process, the method of assessment, resource and time investing to creation of a portrait of its ideal attributes. As prescribed in this article, integration of instruction requires the collaboration of all aspects of learning such as organization and management, instructions, curriculum, assessment and the culture of the school in order to improve the teaching and learning experience. The application of hands-on activities to link and relate different subject areas such as art, geometry and physics is emphasized in order to increase student comprehension.In action research, the achiever of education is based on the effectiveness of its curriculum. Changing the curriculum is an advancement of educational progress by modifying the methodology that allows student to interrelate the different disciples they are taught in

The chuseok Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The chuseok - Essay ExampleCulture is very important to the raft of the world. According to the dictionary, culture is defined as the totality of socially transmitted behavior patterns, arts, beliefs, institutions, and all early(a) products of human work and thought (The American Heritage Dictionary). Culture allows people to experience the world and deal out daily functions based on their traditions. We often learn our culture from the people in our environment, such(prenominal) as family members, close friends, and our community. Culture consists of the viandss that we cook and eat, our living arrangements, communication with society, and our behavior. In order to get a full picture of Korean culture in my speech today I am sledding to assign you a glimpse into a celebration that is called Chuseok or Korean ThanksgivingI firstly learned of this holiday when an acquaintance of mine travelled overseas to Korea. When I learned more close Chuseok, I realized just how close the similarities were to our Thanksgiving holiday.Chuseok is celebrated on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month. It is the most important holiday to the Korean people. It is a time in which they honor their ancestors and give thanks for the fall proceeds. Although there are no pilgrims in Korea, ancestors are similarly valued. Students and parents alike rarely take time off in Korea but during this holiday everything shuts down. People join their families to celebrate, bearing harvest fruits or vegetables. The celebration begins in the morning when food and wine is offered to the spirits of the late ancestors. (Encyclopdia Britannica. 2010) After this the families often go to visit the graves of their ancestors and care for the site.I recently interviewed a young Korean nigh the celebrations. He told me the following All Korean children look forward to Chuseok as one of the funnest times of year. The food is delicious and the fact that you are surrounded by brothers and sisters an d

How to Lose Weight Rough Draft Essay Example for Free

How to Lose Weight Rough Draft EssayIn this essay I bequeath discuss the different ways there are of losing weight. For some it may be simple excersize and for others they may need more help then just excersize. We pass on go over the different ways that your body works to metabolize what your eating so that your body will help you to lose that weight. The process of losing weight back end be a hard one, but if you get hold of the right one it can be easy. on that point are lots of options. Body There are lots of options for losing weight but first I want to talk about metabolism first. transfiguration is what processes your fodder at a certain speed. If you brace a high metabolism youll find that your food will process at a very fast rate and youll be using the restroom pretty quick right after you eat. Metabolism also plays a big part in your figure also. If you eat nothing but greasy fattening food then your metabolism will subscribe to issues keeping up. So in ord er for your metabolism to be where you want it you have to occlusive fit and eat correctly. The next thing I want to talk about is dietary pills. These can help if used correctly.Some people think they can take them without having to do any excersize or eating right. For some diet pills this is correct but others no. Its always important to keep your wellness in general up by eating the correct food and keeping yourself physically fit. There is also the danger of taking also many or not eating with them. If you take too many then you have the risk of possibly overdosing and your body becoming intolerant to them. And if you dont eat with them in your system then you come up with the risk of malnutrition.So I would call forth that anyone who takes them only takes the amound suggested on the bottle. Ok now were going to go to dietary foods. This is important for any elucidate of situation you decide to diet with. If you dont use dietary food then you probably shouldnt diet. Becaus e your body has to become fit all over again. To become fit it has to ingest nutrients and vitamins that fruits, vegtables and meats carry. The choke and final subject I want to cover is surgery as a come-at-able resource.They have different surgeries that can help in a lot of different situations. If your dieting and excersizing and trying everything possible and you still cant lose weight then I would suggest the surgery. There are olive-sized health risks from it and it Ive heard that the lap band surgery has had amazing results. Conclusion These are the options that I have researched for How to lose weight. The options that I have researched are diet pills, excersizing, eating healthy and surgeries. With these options anyone can become a healthier person.

QSR Industry In India Essay Example for Free

QSR assiduity In India Essayexecutive Summary4India is witnessing rapid urbanization of small towns and growth of mid-sized cities. This along with rising population in key metros and gritty disposable in coiffes is fuelling growth in each industry. 35% of Indias population entrust be in urban centres by 2020 gooding to 53 crores comp ard to the current urban population of 32 crores.Consumer intellectual nourishment markets be being driven by the countrys youth population. Be it college goers or the young works class, exposure to the international surround and culture, has created a demand for world-class products at affordable prices. This has conduct to the scrape of Quick emolument eaterys (QSRs) in India, the fastest growing segment in the eating out market. By 2012, there will be at least 2000 more(prenominal) QSR outlets across India.With QSR giants akin Starbucks and Dunkin Donuts yet to loot in the market, there is a lot to look forward to.5 sedulousness Ov erview7% of the total eating house market comprises of QSRs6The Indian fast solid sustenance market is growing at an annualrate of 25-30 per cent, Foreign fast food bowed stringed instruments argonEstimated Size of the Indian RestaurantIndustryOrganizedEating Out food market,Rs. 8600 Cr.Growth 20%(20%)aggressively increasing their presence in the country.The market is dominated by global gulls desireMcDonalds, KFC and dominoes specially in theorganized fast food segment. Growing tr closure ofUnorganized market place, Rs.34400 Cr.(80%)Growth 5-6%consumption of new cuisines and increasing brandawareness has led to the increase of global players.The new age Indian consumers commit also played aQSR MarketRs.3000 Crores7%significant role.Organized modern formats like malls, eightfoldxes andOrganized RestaurantMarket (Except QSRs)Rs.5600 Crores13%food courts guide also become a favoured destination.bountifulr companies are teaming up with smallfranchisors to set-up their brand .QSRs started with big metros, exactly are now buildingtheirpresenceinTier2citieslikeUnorganized Restaurant MarketRs.34400 Crores80%Pune, Ahmedabad, Chandigarh and Bangalore.Sources www.nrai.org,, www.rncos.comTotalRestaurantIndustry Rs. 43000CroreMarket Segmentation7RestaurantIndustryRoad-side location nonetechnical standardsNo accountingstandardizationUnorganizedFull-ServiceRestaurantsQSRsFine Dining haveCasualDiningOrganizedHome deliveranceEat-inBars andLoungesAccounting TransparencyOrganized add together coo fagot stoveQuality ControlSourcing NormsMultiple OutletsDominated by Global PlayersKiosks/CartsHighest growth segment.Maximum dance step due to increasingtraffic at airports, railwaystations, malls, aggregatexes andsupermarketsGrowth Drivers825% of population consume out at least twicea month and spendsRs.150-Rs.500 / mealurbanizationYouth consumptionExpanding bosom Class2%11%BetterlogisticsA younger and richer India is fuelling rapid growth in theeating-out segment29% AffuentUpper Middle Class300 million29.5 % or 88.5 million make consumption areas2%5%Total population of Gen neighboring (13-24 Age Group)Total population of GenNext living in urban areasHousehold Distri unlession By Annual Income1%Nuclearfamilies center of attention andMultiplexboomClothing accessories, pabulum,Entertainment and durablesSpending PowerRs.3000-40000 per monthLower Middle Class86%64%Bottom of the pyramidUrban youth behaviour20102020Sources Marketing Whitebook 2011-12, economic Times, MGISocially activeHangs out at coffee tree shopsand mallsPrefers to be seen at theright governs posites ones identitythrough and through choice of brandsconsumedMaintaining Consistency in product and quality of service are the biggest challenges go about by QSRs9ChallengesDemand SideSupply SideHealth and hygieneconcerns among buyersMaintaining Quality ofServiceAcquiring profound TalentBuilding a make upeffective supply chainQSR customers arevery free to sell to, butalso very easy to loseLocalization of MenuManaging high detritionrate amongst junior train employeesEstablishing a supplychain in a new voiceBeating localcompetitionStandardization ofproduct across outletsLow entry barriers observe multipleoutletsReducing service time efficient assemblylineTalentSupply twineMonitoring quality ofproducts procured fromthird partiesSWOT Analysis10STRENGTHOPPOTUNITIES Burgeoning middle class Risk-sharing in a franchiseestablish model Abundance of cheap labour inIndia Increase in malls and irrefutablemultiplexes Increasing youth spending UrbanizationWEAKNESSTHREATS Sourcing Talent food for thought Inflation Monitoring franchisees carrefour imitation Maintaining quality standardsacross outlets Understanding Indian tastesInternal Factors Price Competition Dependency on third parties Local CompetitionExternal FactorsNegativeUrban Youth Make Up The prime Target Audience11ParticularsLow Cost in terms ofinitial investment aswell as operating costTarget Audience Profil eCategoryYoung Urban Professionals onthe moveLow RiskKeyFeatures ofa QSRTeenagersHigh Impulse productsStudentsBest sell LocationsMultiplex audienceCompetitive Prices failpersTarget Audience BehaviourAge group16-35Hygiene druthers consciousLocationCities and townsSocial ClassMiddle and Upper MiddleClassLifecycleDependent and Pre-Family* give away consciousWesternized cultureSeeking international standardsValue seekersExperimental*based on Sagacity life-style regulate12Working of a QSRBrand Image, Ambience and Overall Experience are Copernicanintangible factors for QSR customers13A QSR is meant to create instant interest in the mind of the consumer. It has to haveintangible parameters that makea QSR successfulMass appealBrandA unique experienceA characteristic ambienceA strong brand identityOne can non find Ronald at any other burger joint exceptMcDonalds.The service, which is the only human touch, plays a big role in creating aunique experience. A lot of time and resources are spent on reading the staff ,as they portray the brand. KFC employees are expected to live up to their 3 Fs to create to perfect environment Fun, Friendly and Familiar.In an effort to maintain the same experience across outlets, the service, interiors and board items are standardised .ExperienceAmbienceQSR Formats and Locations14QSR FORMATSLOCATIONSMallsRestaurantsTourist hubs provender Court CountersCorporate hubsKiosks/ nutriment CartsTake-away/ slantDrive-insShopping CentersMultiplexesAirports/ Railway StationsSetting up a Franchise Outlet15 sign Qualification Application Review Background and CreditCheck Assess training needs write of FranchiseDisclosure Document Verify AssetsSite Registration Franchisor sendssite registration tobrand for laudation Franchisee remitsfundsOperation PlanSite Exploration andSecuring Control Prospectivefranchisee makes anoperation project whichis reviewed wellFranchise Onboarding Franchiseear retchs forFinancing Hires a Team Franchisor genera tes Supportand Training Builds Restaurant Supports in Grand enterprisingness Determine SiteSelection system Identify focus areas Franchisor completesAction Plan for Trade sector Franchisee negotiatesfor the site and sendsletter of intentFranchisors Role after the launch On-site Training is provided for either procedure. The Franchisor has an approved vendor list fromwhere the ingredients can be sourced. They have an annual promotional and advertising intend that they implement with the support of thefranchisees. Quality checks are conducted via ConsumerFeedback, Food SafetyAudits and Standard AuditsManaging Human Resources16AcquisitionWhen QSRs come to India, they find it difficult to get experienced talent forHuman Resource Tree atat a typical QSR outletstrategic positions. There are very few people with applicable experience, Restaurant theatre directorespecially in a global blind drunk. Poaching employees from competitors would meanhuge incentives and net raises. Thus a lot of companies hire people in the same function but from a different industry.First Asst. four-in-handSupport trainingThe franchisors offer support and training to the franchisees for effectivelyTraineeManagerrunning the small format franchise business. Training is conducted at 3 stages InductionOn-goingRefresher retentivenessTrainee FloorManagerOut of 10000 emloyees, KFC has to replace 7000 employees each year. This means cost for fresh recruitments, training and relieving employees is very high. Dominos has increased salaries of store front employees by 20% and implemented an incentive plan in order to reduce attrition rate.TrainingSquadCrewMemberSecond Asst.ManagerMarketing Strategies17QSRs have to play on their strengths to create and communicate a brand promise.The brand promise can be anything from fast service to low prices to healthy food.Successful QSR chains have been able to take their brand promise very effectively to the masses.1 A large burger chain targeted the valuat e seeker community and created highest value for money as its brand promise.2 Indias largest pizza chain targeted the customers who cute fast service at their doorsteps. It created the brand promise of assured fast rake and communicated it with its 30 mins or its free campaigns3 A large coffee shop chain wanted to position itself as not just a coffee shop but a place to hangout with friends and family. They marketed themselves with the tag line A lot can happen over coffee which distinctly communicated that they wanted their customers to have a complete experience such(prenominal) beyond just coffee.Pricing Strategies18Its great for QSRs to price their products care affluenty because of the stiff competition that they face.The strategy is to price their products in such a way that the maximum number of customers can be retained and at the same time higher coasts are abstracted from the customers who do not mind paying more for extra value. This is achieved by derivative PRIC INGPricing the base product aggressively and hold ining highermargins on the side ordersThis strategy is for the price conscious consumer who seesgreat value in the base product and can choose to not takethe side ordersAt the same time it allows the QSR to charge the customerfor whom price does not matter, much more through thehigh margin side ordersMost QSRs keep fighter brands in their menu to remaincompetitive.VALUE PRICINGValue combos allow the QSR to sell more no ofhigh margin products with the low margin baseproducts.Eg QSRs try to sell more French fries and cold deglutitions through their value meals. pizza chains sellmore garlic bread and cold drinks through theirvalue mealsGrowth Strategies of QSRs19A large burger chain in India has the highest foot fall amongst all countries, but the lowest average bill. Growth in India is achieved based on volumes, hence every QSR is looking to broaden its presence .A coffee trading company who supplies coffee beans, started a retail bu siness of coffee shops all over India.Forward consolidationA casual restaurant chain modify into food court stalls., thus entering the QSR market.HorizontalDiversificationA coffee shop chain diversified its coffee shops business by establishing express outlets and coffee machines.ConcentricDiversificationA soft drink giant branched out to form a new company with pizza pie and hot up sensationalistic chains in its umbrella. It sold off its stake, but is in a lifetime contract with the bulletproofLateralDiversificationMenu Planning20Menu Selection is critical, especially when localizing in markets like India and chinaware where traditions, religion and local taste are cannot be ignored. Enlisted below are some of the important factorsSize of outletsTarget in terms ofdemographicsLocal taste preference QSRs do not keep the full menu at all outlets. Instead they include only a few high volume products at outlets with space limitations like food courts and express kiosks Depending up on the age group they are targeting, QSRs have to line up their menus. QSRs targeting older age groups have to include healthier and more traditional food items in their menus where as QSRs targeting the youth can have more experimental and/or fast food items. product adaptation according to customer preferences is really important for QSRs to succeed. outside(a) chains in India have to adjust their menus to include more vegetarian and spicy items. A Fried Chicken brand has the most extensive range of items in India amongst all its cosmopolitan outlets Most QSR giants avoid using beef and pork due to heathen taboos.The 4 pronged approach to ensure standardization across all outlets 21Standardized aspects of every outletThere are 4 important factors that enable standardization for a restaurant with multiple outletsTrainingEquipmentEvery new employee has to go through a specific pre-designed training program for that level of employment.RecipesProcurementof ProductsThe same machin es are used by all outlets for making thedishes. Standard recipes have to be followed by the chefs who receive thorough training for the same.QSRs have centralized approved vendors from where theyprocure and process raw materials. They also procure finished products like spices and condiments from the same vendor and distribute it.Case playing field Dominos India22609000+4003649000Jubilant Foodworks Ltd. operates the 364 Dominosinternational marketsoutlets in India, pursuant to a surpass FranchiseAgreement internationalist,whichoperate Dominos pizza delivery stores and theassociated trademarks in the operation of stores inIndia, Nepal, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka. The pizzamillion pizzas sold each yearemployees in IndiaDominosprovides them with the exclusive right to develop andoutlets worldwideoutlets in Indiawithstores in Sri Lanka are operated by their subfranchisee, DP Lanka.It is the largest pizza chain in India, way in advance of itsimmediate competitor pizza pie shack wit h 50% of marketshare in the Indian pizza pie market and 70% market sharein the home delivery market.Source dominos.com, dominos.co.in, reuters.comCase Study Dominos India23ParticularsMarket share in the Indian pizza pie market 50%Market share in the home delivery segment 70%gross revenue Per Day Per OutletRs.5660080% of their sales come from the Pizza segment, andEBIDTA margin (9M FY2011)18%the remaining is attributed to beverages and side items. Same Store Sales Growth (9M38.7%80% of sales come from home delivery and 20% from65%FY2011)Market carry onOTC sales.Sales Break-up Cuisine-wise4%Sales Break-up Segment-wise20%16%PizzasHome DeliveryBeveragesOver-the-CounterOthers80%80%Source indiainfoline.com, dominos.co.inCritical Success Factors of Dominos India24Critical Success Factors1. Delivery-oriented model reduces cost2. Dominos has a vertically integrated supply chain. (as seen below) 3. Franchising modelSupply Chain of DominosregionalwarehouseRawMaterialSupplier(Approvedvendo r)RegionalCentralizedFacilities forprocessing rawmaterial like dough 4 centres acrossIndiaRefrigeratedtrucks carrythe finisheditems to retailoutletsRetail Outlets Items are hustlingbased on orders andsent to end consumer25Key Players ProfilesKey Player Profiles26 rearCuisineParent alliance/Master Franchisee fundLocationFormatsOutletsExpansionPlans in IndiaMcDonaldsBurgersHard castle RestaurantsPvt. Ltd ground forcesPAN-IndiaDine-In, FoodCourts, Drive-in210To add 20-25outlets by 2013KFCFried ChickenDevyani internationalisticLtd.USAPAN-IndiaDine-In, FoodCourts110500 outlets by2015ChickingFried ChickenMirah GroupUAE southernmost regulariseDine-In14Bangs FriedChickenFried ChickenBangs IndiaIndiaSouth ZoneDine-In, FoodCourts7100 outlets byFY2011Pizza HutPizzasDevyani InternationalLtd.USAPAN-IndiaDine-In171300+ outlets by2015DominosPizzasJubilant FoodworksUSAPAN-IndiaDine-In, Delivery ,Food Courts364To add 70outlets in 2011Papa JohnsPizzasOm Pizzas EatsUSAWest ZoneDine-In25Pizza Corn erPizzasGlobal FranchiseArchitectsIndiaSouth ZoneDine-In, Delivery50US PizzaPizzas linked Restaurants Ltd.IndiaPAN-IndiaDine-In, Delivery77Smokin JoesPizzasSmokin Joes Pizza Pvt.Ltd.IndiaPAN-IndiaDine-In, Delivery52GarciasPizzasGarcias Famous PizzaIndiaWest ZoneDine-in, Delivery20To add 20outletsSlice of ItalyPizzasGreen House HestoftFoods Pvt. Ltd.IndiaNorth ZoneDine-In, Delivery16Key Player Profiles27NameCuisineParent go with/Master FranchiseeOriginLocationFormatsOutlets inIndiaExpansionPlans in IndiaBarista drinking chocolate ShopBarista deep brownCompany Ltd.IndiaPAN-IndiaEspresso bars,High end cafes230 costa CoffeeCoffee ShopDevyaniInternational Ltd.EnglandPAN-IndiaCafes75300 outlets by2014CCDCoffee ShopAmalgamated BeanCoffee Trading Co.IndiaPAN-IndiaCafes, Mall Airport kiosks,Office outlets1090To add 200+_outlets by 2014Gloria JeansCoffee ShopCitymax HospitalityAustraliaMetrosCafes1540 outlets by2012Kents tight FoodBurgersKents closely FoodIndiaNorth ZoneDine-In15SubwaySu bmarineSandwichesSubway SystemsIndia Pvt. Ltd.USAPAN-IndiaDine-In, FoodCourts200250 outlets byend of 2011TacobellTex-MexYum RestaurantsUSABangaloreDine-In3100 outlets by2015Falafel Veg. hommos HouseLebaneseMirah GroupIndiaMumbaiDine-In,Kiosks8100 outlets by2011WimpyBurgersFamous Brands Ltd.UKDelhiDine-In3Yo ChinaAsianMoods HospitalityPvt. LtdDelhi,IndiaPAN-IndiaDine-In,Kiosks80+Key Player Profiles28NameCuisineParent Company/Master FranchiseeOriginLocationFormatsOutletsExpansionPlans in IndiaDosa PlazaSouth IndianPrem Sagar DosaPlaza Pvt. Ltd.Mumbai,IndiaPAN-IndiaDine-In, FoodCourt35JumbokingVadapavJumboking Foodspvt.ltd.Mumbai,IndiaWest ZoneExpress,Restaurant Takeaway43250 outlets by2011-12Kaati ZoneMughlai eastbound West EthnicFoods Pvt. Ltd.Bangalore, IndiaSouth ZoneDine-In15Mast KalandarIndianSpring Leaf Retail Pvt.Ltd.Bangalore, IndiaSouth ZoneDine-In21NirulasMultiCuisineNirulas Corner HousePvt. Ltd.Delhi,IndiaNorth ZoneDine-In, Kiosks80+To add 50outlets by 2012Kailash ParbatMul tiCuisineKailash ParbatRestaurants Pvt. Ltd.Mumbai,IndiaPAN-IndiaFood Court Stalls15+ComesumMultiCuisineRK GroupDelhi,IndiaPAN-IndiaDine-In, Delivery11HaldiramsMultiCuisineHaldiram Snacks Pvt.Ltd.Delhi,IndiaNorth ZoneDine-In18Bikano lambast CafeMultiCuisineBikanervala FoodsPvt. Ltd.Delhi,IndiaNorth ZoneRestaurant,Institutional TuckShops, Food Cart68Sagar RatnaMultiCuisineSagar Ratna HotelsPvt. Ltd.Delhi,IndiaNorth ZoneDine-In, FoodCourt53Tibbs FrankieFrankieJ.Tibbs Co.Mumbai,IndiaWest ZoneKiosks20+Key Players Segmentation29Segmentation based on Size ofthe ChainLocal ChainJumbokingNational ChainInternationalChainSegmentation based onCuisinePizzasBurgers SandwichesCoffeeShopsIndianSpecialtyCuisineDominosMcDonaldsCCDComesumJumbokingPizza HutKFCBaristaSagar RatnaYoChinaPizza CornerWimpyribCoffeeKailashParbatTabobellPapa JohnsSubwayGloriaJeansMastKalandarFalafelPizza HutSmokin JoesKents Fast FoodKaati ZoneTibbsFrankieBaristaPizza CornerGarciasHaldiramsHaldiramsCaf Coffee DayPapa JohnsS lice of ItalyNirulasSagar RatnaTibbs FrankieTacobellUS PizzaBikano ChatCafeComesumMcDonaldsNirulasDosa PlazaKFCMast KalandarKailash ParbatSubwayKaati ZoneYo ChinaWimpyGarciasSmokin JoesDominosFalafelsUS PizzaBangs FriedChickenBikano ChatCafCosta CoffeeKents Fast FoodGloria JeansGeographical Segmentation30PAN-India International CuisineMcDonalds*NORTH regularizeNirulasHaldiramsBikano Chat CafSlice of ItalyKents Fast FoodSagar RatnaWimpyPAN-India CoffeeShopsGloria Jean*KFC*Costa Coffee*Subway*BaristaPizza Hut*Caf Coffee DayDominos*US PizzaSmokin JoesWEST ZONEPapa Johns*GarciasFalafelJumbo KingPAN-India Indian andSpecialty CuisineDosa PlazaComesum65% of Dominos revenues arecontributed by the top 7 citiesout of 70 cities it is present in.50% of their outlets are inMaharashtra, New Delhi andKarnatakaSOUTH ZONEPizza Corner*Chicking*Tacobell*Kaati ZoneBangs Fried ChickenMast Kalandar*International BrandsKailash ParbatYo ChinaTibbs FrankieKey Players Positioning31PAN-IndiaEthnicCuisineEt hnicCuisinePAN-IndiaPizza HutDominosComesum*Dosa Plaza*Kailash Parbat*Yo China*Caf Coffee Day*Barista*Gloria JeansCosta CoffeeSagar Ratna*Haldirams*Mast Kalandar*Jumbo king*Kaati Zone*Bikano Chat Caf*Nirulas*ZonalTacobellFalafelPizza CornerPapa JohnsUS Pizza*Smokin Joes*Slice of Italy*Garcias*McDonaldsKFCWimpySubway InternationalCuisineChickingBangs Fried Chicken*Kents Fast Food*Tibbs Frankie*InternationalCuisineZonal*Indian originated chainsDominos and Caf Coffee Day are the largest QSRs in India in terms of reach and number of outlets32No. Of Outlets v/s Geographical Spread ofPizza ChainsPizza ChainOutletsSpreadOriginIndian52PAN-IndiaIndian50South ZoneInternational25West ZoneInternational20West ZoneIndianSlice of Italy16North ZoneIndianChainOutletsCities1090120PAN-IndiaIndian36487PAN-IndiaInternationalMcDonalds21045PAN-IndiaInternationalPizza Hut17134PAN-IndiaInternationalBarista23030PAN-IndiaIndianSubwayNo. of OutletsPAN-IndiaDominos11577Caf CoffeeDayNo. of Cities65InternationalG arcias15PAN-IndiaPapa JohnsNo. Of Outlets v/s No. of Cities of top brands inIndia171Pizza Corner15InternationalSmokin Joes510Geographical SpreadPAN-IndiaUS Pizza0364Pizza HutNo. of OutletsDominos20026PAN-IndiaInternationalKFC11021PAN-IndiaInternationalSpreadOrigin33Trends and Future ProspectsBig brands Small cities Small formats34LocationsLarge chainsexpanding to smallercitiesDomestic chainssetting up in bigcitiesFormatsCuisinesTechnologyExpress OutletsBasic street Foodsentering organizedmarket Vadapav, Ice GolaOnline orderingsystemsSmart Carts/KiosksRegional cuisines shish kebab LucknowWale, MalwaneezIVR system forplacing order andmaking payment viaCredit CardKiosks have managed to attracthuge footfalls at sales points.Even big chains are nowcustomizing their outlets tosmaller models like expressand stand-insIntegration ofconcepts soMcdonalds servescoffee and CCDserves sandwichesMenu diversificationby introducingIndian flavours ChickenTandooriSub atSubwayInvestors are queuing up to get a big slice of the pie35With the number of QSRs growing at 30% per year, the industry is attracting investors interest, especially after the IPO of Jubilant Foodworks, the master franchise of Dominos Pizza in IndiaICICI Venture acquired 10% stake i.e. $55 Million in Devyani International who is the franchisee of KFC, Pizza Hut and Costa Coffee in IndiaAlso Mast Kalandar, a Bangalore-based QSR chain, secured a second round of investment from Helion Venture Partners, footfall Ventures and Salarpuria Group.Chinese cuisine QSR Yo China received funding of $5.5 Million from Matrix partnersAccel Partners invested in Bangalore-based fast food chain Kaati Zone.Source vccircle.comQSR giants Dunkin Donuts and Starbucks set to foray into the Indian market36Dunkin Donuts- Jubilant FoodWorks is to develop, sub-franchise, and operate more than 500 Dunkin Donuts restaurants throughout India over the next 15 old age. The first Dunkin Donuts locations are expected to open by early 2012. Th e Agreement marks the largest international store development commitment in Dunkin Donuts history.Starbucks Tata Coffee is to convey Starbucks , the worlds largest coffee chain to India through a Joint VentureQuiznos The US-based subway restaurant chain has signed a master franchise agreement with Arjun Valluri for setting up outlets in grey India.Source www.dunkindonuts.com, www.trak.in, U.S. Franchise Trade Mission Participants Profile, April 10-15 2011Sources37Research firmsTechnopakIBEFMarketing Whitebook 2010-11, 2011-12Mckinsey Global Institutewww.rncos.comwww.nrai.orgCompany Websiteswww.yum.comwww.mcdonaldsindia.comwww.dominos.co.inOther websitesHospitalitybizindia.comIndiaretailing.comFranchiseindia.comNewspapersDeccan HeraldEconomic TimesBusiness StandardDNA38About DEssenceOur Services39DEssence Hospitality is Boutique watchfulness Consulting firm based in Mumbai which provides specialty consulting services for the entire spectrum of the hospitality industry with a spe cial focus on hotel operators, builders andinvestorsFeasibility StudiesManagement vex ViabilityTechnical ViabilityEconomic and Financial Model ViabilityMarket ViabilityBusiness Model ViabilityExit Strategy ViabilitySite Analysis We have vast experience in project intend site selection. In many cases it has been seen that planners architects normally look into a project from design and land-use perspectives. But we do detailed site and market analysis to determine the viability of the project from financial and investment standpoint.India Entry Strategy We help our clients to develop suitable market entry strategies through analyzing entry barriers (ease), geographical factors, incumbents resistance and routs to market.Management Contracts Branded operators have very stringent clauses in the contracts. To deal with them needs deep understanding of the dry land and effects of each clause on the profit margins. DEssence Hospitality Services makes full use of its expertise in un derstanding the management contracts and negotiating it for best acceptable terms.Our Services40Key RecruitmentsDEssence Hospitality is dedicated to becoming Indias leading executive search firm exclusively serving the Hospitality Industry. Our search team enables you to recruit for executive level management, divisional managers, worldwide managers, culinary, finance, sales and marketing, food and beverage, engineeringprofessionals who will all, directly affect and drive the profitability of your organization AcquisitionsFrom our years of experience, we advise our clients on which assets to buy and when to buy and based on our recommendations they devise strategies for buying assets. We also provide assistance to our clients to develop assets disposal strategies in order to maximize project performanceBusiness Model and Business PlanWe assist our clients in the business planning process and then prepare a plan based on the available resources and their business objectives. Our Bus iness Planning services include feasibleness studies, business formation plans, strategic plans, new product plans, marketing and promotional plans,etc.Fund raisingMentoringGrowth StrategyTHANKYOUDEssence Consulting303, Aar Pee Center,11th Road, Gufic Compound,MIDC, Andheri (E)Mumbai- 400093Tel +91 22 28347425www.dessencehospitality.com

Soft Drinks India Essay Example for Free

tardily Drinks India EssayAccording to the harvest-festival Insights Soft Drinks in India pass over, The global cushy drinks market grew at a compound annual reaping rate (CAGR) of 3. 45% from 2005 to 2009 and was valued at $494. 5 billion in 2009. New mathematical product launches in the global soft drinks market increased by 8. 59% in 2009. The US was the top realm by sell sales as well as by number of juvenile product launches, followed by Japan which ranked second in both categories. Globally, India ranked twenty-fifth in legal injury of retail sales and 13th in terms of the number of immature product launches in the soft drinks market in 2009. In spite of Indias huge population and the fact that around 47% of the population is composed of persons below 30 geezerhood of age, the per-capita consumption of soft drinks in India remains rattling low, at approximately at 5. 2 liters a fall uponst the world average of nearly 85. 22 liters. Developed countries much(pren ominal) as the US, Germany, Italy and Spain all have per-capita consumption in the range of 280-400 liters, showcasing the huge potential for market process in India. Coca-Cola remains the market leader in the carbonates category with a market sh atomic number 18 of much than 60% in the Indian market, followed by Pepsi with around 35%.In the bottled water category, Parles Bisleri and Kinley from Coca-Cola atomic number 18 the jumper lead players. The packaged succuss market in India continues to be dominated by Maaza and Frooti, followed by brands such as Slice, Tropicana and Real which have registered good growths in their market shargons in the past few years. Red diddly with its strong dominance of the energy drinks category, which is the largest segment in the practicable drinks category, is the market leader in the functional drinks market.Con lookring the overall development of the Indian soft drinks market, a similitude can be drawn between various soft drink categori es base on the major consumer segment for each category victimisation age and economic status as the two judging criterion. For instance, while carbonates are consumed by consumers from roughly all economic segments and ages in the India, considering the various packaging sizes and price points for these products, segments such as energy drinks and sports drinks are mainly consumed in the age group of around 24 years who are on the higher(prenominal) side in terms of economic status, i.e. working executives and the affluent class.Based on these trends, a comparison chart can be drawn between the different soft drink categories in India as given below 60 years succuss 40 years Carbonate Nutraceutic al Drinks Carbonate X-Axis Consumer economical Segment Y-Axis Consumer Age Group Juices 24 years Carbonate 15 years Middle operative Executives/Upper Middle Class Energy Drinks and Sports Drinks Affluent.Current Situation According to the Product Insights Soft Drinks in India report from Datamonitor, With improving literacy rates, consumers have be have it away increasingly aware of health and fitness colligate issues. Additionally, due to great expendable incomes, particularly in urban areas, consumers are seeking better beverages even if they are relatively more expensive, due to their positioning. Raising cognisance levels with regard to obesity and other weight related health issues in the last decade, especially amongst teenagers and young adults, has helped push sales of non-carbonates.Sales of noncarbonated drinks similarly got a rising slope from the pesticide controversy which led some consumers to switch loyalties from carbonates to juices, functional drinks etceteratera Products such as Juice are now fast becoming as an essential part of breakfast table with urban families. lead-in beverage corporations such as Cocacola and PepsiCo have identified this trend and are adopting strategies to benefit from this development. Previously, product dodging of these large corporations was largely Cola based given that a large part of their product volumes would come from the carbonates segment.However, in the last few years, with the strong growth in the non-carbonate sphere of influence and tapering of growth deep down the cola segment companies such as PepsiCo have announced plans of moving towards a well alter portfolio by increasing the volume share of other soft drink segments including juices, functional drinks and other products with health benefits etc. This is evident from the strong marketing discharges which preceded the launch of brands such as Tropicana and Minute Maid.Growing consumer awareness about the harmful effects of artificial ingredients in food and beverages has fueled the demand for natural or free from products over the last few years. According to Datamonitors latest consumer survey, 62% of respondents globally are influenced by the claims of no artificial additives including colors, flavorings an d preservatives when making food and beverage choices. The survey further reveals that the natural/ essential claim influences the major residuum of consumers in developing countries like brazil-nut tree and China, and a significant proportion in developed economies like the US and the UK.In line with the trends as reflected in the report, several new brands such as Nimbooz, Minute Maid Nimbu Fresh, and Cocojal (from Jain Agro) have been launched in the past few years in the Indian market. These recent entrants have utilize the natural claim to market their product with consumers, with products existence modeled on traditional Indian drinks. For instance, Nimbooz is based on the traditional lemon drink consumed in homes and the ads reflect the natural flavors and the homemade like taste of the product.Product Launches/Marketing Strategies As per the Product Insights Soft Drinks in India report from Datamonitor, US, followed by Japan were the top countries in terms of new product launches as well as by market value. India was ranked 13th by new product launches and 25th by market value. India had the third highest percentage growth (11%) in global soft drinks market in 2009 in terms of value. The figure below depicts the top 10 countries based on number of new products launched in the soft drinks market in 2009.Figure 1 2009 20% 18% 16% 14% 12% % contribution 10% 8% 6% 4% 2% 0% Top 10 countries based on number of new soft drinks product launches, Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5 Rank 6 Rank 7 Rank 8 Rank 9 Rank 10 US Japan China UK Germany Russia France Canada Italy Brazil Rank 13 India Source Datamonitors Product Launch Analytics DATAMONITOR In addition to health related product launches, manufacturers are also using innovative marketing strategies to reach out to a bigger consumer base.For example, Real juices used Disney characters for the promotion of its fruit juices amongst school going kids. Booster Juice, an international company which manufacture s smoothies has used an innovative marketing initiative by signing the only Indian Ultraman athlete (Ultraman is a agnomen conferred for completion of a combination of high endurance athletic events such as long-distance triathlon etc. ), Anu Vaidyanathan as its brand ambassador for its smoothies promoting the importance of nutrition and fitness through its brands.Similarly, Dabur has signed Zaheer Khan, a leading Indian cricketer as the brand ambassador for its energy drink brand, Dabur Glucose. Coca-Cola in its recent Ad campaign used a traditional Indian art form, Warli to capture the mood of the festive season of Diwali. It also has several marketing initiatives such as projects of free home trips to participants from any part of the country etc. Considering that the soft drinks orbit in India is seasonal and sales pick up a bit by and by during the festive season, most players in the market are actively campaigning to capture this demand.On-Trade Apart from the retail marke t, foodservice or on-trade sector appears to be another lucrative avenue for manufacturers to cash in on the suppuration demand for soft drinks in India. Segments such as carbonates, energy drinks, bottled water etc. already ravish a high share from the on-trade segment. However, for categories such as juice, which is in its nascent stage in the country, the on-trade sector promises a huge potential for growth. The juice bar model is similar to the cafe outlets such as Barista and Coffee Day chains and these enterprises aim to replicate the success of the latter to provide a healthier alternative.Figure consciousness being the latest fad, these juice bars appears to be the ideal place to get a line after a grueling work-out at the gym for students and executives. This model is already a big check in the western markets with players such as Jamba Juice and Smoothie King garnering good volumes in the US market. Currently, places with large foot filiations such as shopping malls, o ffice complexes and convention centers have juice bar joints in India. Apart from these, there are a few independent juice bar chains that are coming up in different parts of the country.Retail outlets such as Amorettos in Delhi, HAS Juice bar in Mumbai and Bloom Juices in Mohali and multinational chains such as New Zealand Naturals fall under the juice bar category. Apart from offering the regular fresh fruit juices, these outlets also offer exotic options such as Fresh Wheat Grass, Fat Free Smoothies and ayurvedic herb based natural fruit juices in their menu. The benefits with each of these different juices are clearly explained so that the customers have greater awareness about the ideal juices for themselves.Similarly, other categories such as RTD teas, coffees etc. can be a hit with consumers in the on-trade sector. While the foodservice establishments offer the advantage of more information and hygienic conditions they are suave far behind when it comes to price competition with the unorganized sector outlets such as road side juice shops. The price in these outlets as compared to the unorganized sector for a product like juice is higher by 3-4 times.This becomes a critical factor for the success amongst the price conscious Indian consumers. This sector has to come up with initiatives which increase awareness levels amongst consumers regarding the health benefits etc. offered through their products in order to gain acceptance in the Indian market. ENDS This is based on Datamonitors analysis and inputs from Datamonitors latest report Soft drinks in India. For further information on this title, please contact Aartee Sundheep on +91 40 6672 9586 or emailprotected com.

Stalin Power Essay Example for Free

Stalin Power EssayJoseph Stalin, the Man of Steel, is one of the most precedentful dictators in history. Stalin was the General Secretary of the Communist Party and the Soviet Unions sole leader from 1924 until his finale in 1953. Stalin is one of the most controversial figures in Russian history he is still the airfield of fierce discussions. Stalin was a in truth powerful leader who had a huge impact on USSR Stalin consolidated power in the USSR by dint of propaganda, fear and, the five-year plan. Stalins rise to power was methodical and strong. The construction of his image was very well thought of and arranged. Nearly every medium propagandized Stalins image, propaganda was used to build up Stalins image. Like a religious worship, a cult of Stalin was formed. Stalin was like a godlike leader to the people, praised in the newspapers, books and in films, posters and poems. Everything praised his deeds, his skills, his modesty, his experience and his brilliance. Censorship was used to censor anything and everything that might reflect badly on Stalin. Leaving, no one a chance to see the bad side of Stalin, hence having everyone love and praise him.The soviet education brass was geared not to independent thinking but to Stalinist propaganda. Parents taught their children that Stalin was the wisest and greatest. History books and photographs were changed to make him the hero of revolution, and revoke the names of purges people. Stalin gave the people no chance to worship any kind of religious path he did not want the people to have loyalty to anyone but him. Belief in god was replaced by belief in communism and Stalin. Cities and towns were named in his honor. Stalin established and consolidated his power through and through propaganda, thus gaining the love, honor and trust of the majority of the Russian people.However, propaganda alone was not enough to consolidate full power. Stalin was a paranoiac ruler, always feared that political opponents, mi litary officials, even common citizens were plotting against his political position and even his life. Perhaps as self-defense, Stalin was responsible for killing one thousand thousands. Stalin consolidated his power base with the Great spews against his political and ideological opponents. Under the absolutism of Joseph Stalin, tens of millions of ordinary individuals were executed or imprisoned in labor camps, that were little more than death camps. The Purge period of Soviet history can be considered the worst period of the twentieth century. Stalin managed to use purges and power to make people fear him, and therefore back him. Stalin imprisoned and executed anybody who opposed industrialization, and the kulaks who opposed collectivization.Stalin overly arrested thousands of his political opponents, they were put on show trials, where they pleaded guilty to impossible charges of treason. Stalin executed or imprisoned nigh all of the admirals and half the Armys officers. Man y people disappeared including teachers, miners, doctors, and ordinary people. Around 18 million were sent to labor camps, ten million died. Stalins secret police had very effective whirl methods. Many of the accuseds families were excessively killed or tortured in order to provoke confessions. Stalin had succeeded in destroying any sense on independent thinking. Everyone knew that his or her lives depended on thinking exactly as Stalin did. Stalin complaisant power through fear, by using purges and violence to make people fear him and therefore support him, by having anyone who threatened his leadership, killed or murdered.Propaganda and fear are not enough to explain Stalins extraordinary power. No dictator can hope to rule without popular support, and this was also true of Stalin. Power can scarce be acquired and retained by delivering benefits to significant numbers of people. In Stalins case, this was achieved via five-year plans. Collectivization brought mechanization, rat ionalization to the umpteen small plots that peasants worked on and put in place the distribution and supply networks needed to modernize culture and to produce enough grain for export. This system gave Stalin effective control over the entire economy, and thereby the Soviet people. The most effective means of increasing Stalins power was collectivization. This involved the elimination of private possession of agricultural land, and its replacement with a system of state-owned and collectively owned farms.The peasants who worked on these farms were under the control of the Party, which in turn was under the control of Stalin. Collectivization also gave Stalin the opportunity to eliminate large numbers of class enemies, the kulaks, and to steal Party members to wholesale murder. Serious famines resulted, livestock and grain were destroyed and agriculture never set up its potential. Yet most peasants remained grateful to Stalin for giving them a better standard of living. The Five Year Plans were also an essential part of Stalins consolidation of power. Targets were set for coal, iron and electricity production and progress was achieved through propaganda, fear, education, forced labor and socialist competition.Stalin had declared that Russia was at least 100 years behind the industrialize valet and, in setting out to modernize Russia he was symbolically breaking with the past. Stalin consolidated power through the achievements of the fiver year plan new cities, dams and hydroelectric power, farm machinery, coal steel, plastic, education and no unemployment and doctors and medicine were available. For all the problems and hardship caused by the Five Year Plans, by 1941, Stalin had transformed Russia into a world class industrial power. This was to be vital for Russia as the war was about to test her to the extreme.Today the subprogram of Stalin in Russian history is the subject of bitter debate, with a number of Russian history textbooks business him an effective manager and others presenting him as absolute evil dictator. Nevertheless, It can be seen that Stalin succeeded in consolidating power through many factors, mainly from propaganda, fear and terror, and the five-year plan.

Hcl Project Report Essay Example for Free

Hcl Project Report EssayBefore I take my documentation I must thank all the people behind the successful completion of my hold.I am especially thankful to my industry guide Mr. Vinod Rai for his valuable and enlightened guidance. I am passing grateful to him for providing me an opportunity to undergo the project in his presence. Despite his hectic schedule he showed a keen interest in my research and helped a lot in broadening my vision for the topic. My thank again go to him for providing me all the required help to compile the data and other information to bechance the study. I am also grateful to my faculty mentor Mr. Tarun Kumar Vashisth for his guidance and kind support passim the project.I must also not forget to mention the names of people in the musical arrangement who pumped me with immense confidence and support without which it would have been impossible to complete the project, hence with warm regards I would like to thankMr. Sunil BhattMr. Shammi S. BhatiaMs. P riyankaMs. ParbhakerPREFACEThis project is based on the study of operative capital perplexity in HCL Infosystems. An insight view of the project will encompass what it is all about, what it aims to achieve, what is its purpose and scope, the various methods employ for collecting data and their sources, including literature survey done, further specifying the limitations of our study and in the last, drawing inferences from the learning so far.HCL Infosystems Limited (HCL) is a leading domestic computer ironware services company. HCL is engaged in change manufactured (like PCs, servers, monitors and peripherals) and traded ruggedware (like notebooks, peripherals) to institutional clients as well as in retail segment. It also offers hardware support services to existing clients through annual maintenance contracts, network consulting and facilities wariness.The working capital management refers to the management of working capital, or precisely to the management of current ass ets. A firms working capital consists of its investments in current assets, which includes short-term assets cash and bank balance, inventories, receivable and marketable securities.This project tries to gauge how the management of working capital is done in HCL Infosystems through inventory ratios, working capital ratios, trends, deliberation of cash, Inventory and working capital, and short term financing.DECLARATIONI Ajay hereby declare that research project submitted to punjabi university, patiala in partial fulfillment of the degree of BBA on Working Capital is the result of my own hard work under continues guidance of Mr. Vinod Rai , HCL CDC Chandigarh.

Food Quality Essay Example for Free

regimen tonus Essay* Relates to excellent fruit or go that fulfills or exceeds our expectations Food Quality * Includes all attributes that influence products value to the consumers. This includes, Negative attributes (e. g. despoilment, defilement with filth, dis annotateation, off odors flavors Positive attributes (e. g. origin, color, flavor, texture and processing method used.-Food Quality is a term which may affect to several things the extent to which provender contains the nutrients that match the build and quantity of the nutritional needs of the person consume the pabulum the extent to which the solid food is attractive in appearance taste the extent to which food is reposition from pathogenic bacteria undesirable materials such as insecticides antibiotic residuums, etc.FOOD QUALITY 1. Composite of characteristics/ attributes which differs from wiz unit to an otherwise 2. Totality of features/ characteristics of a product that bear on its ability to satisfy a given need Needs Safety Usability Availability Economics.Maintainability Environment Reliability 3. Uniformity, consistency and conformity to a given standard or specifications 4. A statement of what the user wants what the manufacturer digest provide 5. seaworthiness for use, satisfaction level of costumers Other Ways of Describing Quality 1. Fast selling brand of a food product might be labeled as Extra Special Quality 2. Products that argon interchange abroad may be termed as Export Quality 3. just about consumers may bore timberland in terms of brand popularity 4. From the large producers point of view, flavour may mean product reliability.Small manufacturers reliability may non be a concern, their concern is more(prenominal) on sell of the products. 5. In a sellers market situation, product availability sum quality Quality of Food is Based on the following 1. Raw material the quality of ideal product is dependent on the quality of raw material 2. Sen sory quality food quality detectable by our senses mess be categorized into 3 appearance texture flavor 3. Microbiological quality raw material and products should be free from toxin-producing microorganism QUALITY CONTROL Is Doing Things Right.THE FIRST TIME AND EVERYTIME Quality Control can also be defined as a. maintenance of specified finished product characteristics every time it is manufactured b. efficient control of raw material and of production process c. object glass of quality control is to produce a quality which satisfies the consumers as cheap as possible can be delivered in time to meet delivery requirement d. is the function or collection of duties which mustiness be performed throughout an organization in order to achieve its quality objectives Stages of Quality Control 1. circumscribe the specifications.a. Exactly what the customer or market expects b. Price at which product can be sold c. Delivery date d. Capability of equipment/ machines e. Capability of available inspection and test equipment 2. Prepare to manufacture a. make up ones mind how to process the product b. Decide what equipment to use c. Specify the quality of raw materials and possible suppliers d. The in-line personnel e. innovation inspection and in-process quality control 3. Actual Processing/ Manufacture 4. Correction of quality defects 5. Provide semipermanent quality control planning Defects in Foods Defect. perceptible deviation from product specs that makes product less(prenominal) fit, or unfit for consumption the lack of something essential or required or an imperfection can occur singly or as a composite of several deviations Sources 1. Raw material biological system that deteriorates over time. 2. Personnel staffs commitment to their work and their ability to perform their line of work well. 3. In-process problems quality loss delinquent to poor understanding of processing methods and use of inadequate machines due to lack of staff training E vidences of Defects Prevention Program 1.Quality raw materials 2. Reduction of processing losses 3. look out over in the volume of rejects What is HACCP? * Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points * Prevention-based food safety system * A systematic approach to the identification, assessment of risk, and severity and control of biological, chemic and physical hazards associated with a particular food production process or practice (US FDA CFSAN, 2000) Two Important Terms * HAZARDS * CRITICAL CONTROL POINTS HAZARDS * every biological, chemical, or physical appropriatety that may cause an unacceptable consumer health risk. * 3 major hazards.* biologic * Chemical * Physical -Biological Hazards * These organisms are commonly associated with humans and with raw products entering the food manufacturing facility. * Bacteria, foodborne viruses, parasites * Examples * Salmonella, Listeria, Staphylococcus * Hepatitis A and Norwalk Viruses * Trichinella -Chemical Hazards * Chemical con taminants may be naturally occurring or may be added during the processing of the food. * Naturally Occurring Chemicals * Toxins from molds (aflatoxin) * allergenic P putrefactioneins * Added Chemicals * Agricultural chemicals * Industrial chemicals.* Ingredients Flavors enhancers, colors, preservatives -Physical Hazards * Foreign and extraneous materials * Foreign Materials * Anything that does not naturally occur in the food material * Hair, fingers (fingernails), p endingic, metal filings, jewelry, gum etc. * Extraneous Materials * Anything that naturally occurs in the food but should not be there * Pits, seeds, peel, stems Critical Control Points * CCPs * Process steps in specific food systems in which loss of control may result in an unacceptable health risk 7 Principles of HACCP 1. Identify hazards in the system 2.Determine critical control points 3. Establish critical limits 4. Establish observe procedures 5. Establish corrective actions 6. Establish verification procedure 7 . Establish record keeping and documentation procedures undecomposed Manufacturing Practices (GMP) set of sanitary guidelines and control for compliance to assure safety and wholesomeness of foods. Concerns 1. Personnel 2. Plant and grounds 3. wholesome operation 4. Sanitary facilities and control 5. Equipment and utensils 6. Process and control Cleaning and Sanitization Cleaning an operation that give remove at least 90% of the soil or dirt.Sanitization application of sanitizers Sanitation over-all cleanliness of the environs or whateverthing that surrounds the food Steps a. remove the debris b. pre- moisten c. application of cleaning aids d. post rinse e. sanitizing rinse FOOD SPOILAGE / DETERIORATION Food Spoilage/Deterioration -Includes losses in organoleptic desirability, nutritional value, safety and aesthetic appeal of the food -Food is subject to physical, chemical and biological deterioration, which go hand in hand Causal Factors -Temperature (heat and common cold) * Oxygen * Moisture * Light radiation * Time.* Natural food enzymes * Micro- and macro- organisms * Industrial contaminants * Some foods in the presence of other foods In common, deterioration is slowed down when the food is low in moisture, mellow school in salt/ excoriation or acid Shelf-life and Dating of Foods Shelf-life is the time it takes a product to correct to an acceptable level time a product remains saleable MAQ minimum acceptable quality for the product must be defined by the manufacturers or retailers Actual length of shelf-life is dependent on a number of factors 1. processing methods 2. packaging.3. storage conditions Dating provides consumers some indication of the shelf-life or freshness of the products they purchase Type of code dates include * date of manufacture (pack date) * date the product was displayed (display date) * date by which the product should be sold (sell by date) * last date of maximal quality (best used date) * date beyond which the p roduct is no longer acceptable (use by date or expiration date) Major Causes of Food Deterioration -often the following factors do not operate in isolation -as such, effective preservation must eliminate or denigrate all of these factors in a given food to prevent/minimize deterioration 1.Growth activities and activities of microorganisms Bacteria, yeasts, molds Microbial growth curve * Conditions necessary for microorganisms to grow * Source * Food residue * Moisture * Time * Temperature * Invasion of microorganisms is due to contamination which can be avoided by sanitary practices and proper processing procedures and packaging * Not all microorganisms can cause disease or food despoliation, others are useful for food processing * Food borne diseases special kind of deterioration that may or may not alter a foods organoleptic properties 2. Infestation by insects, parasites and rodents.* Insects destroy 5-10% annual scrap crops (US), in other countries (50%) * Parasites Exampl es of Parasites * Trichinella spirallis, enters hogs eating uncooked food wastes nematodes, penetrates hog intestines and find way into the pork Entamoeba histolytica, parasite associated to raw human excrement and can infect crops when raw human excrement is used as fertilizer -can cause amoebic dysentery * Rodents can consume large quantities of foods and they can contaminate food by filth they carry can spread diseases like Salmonellosis Leptospirosis Typhoid fever Plague 3.Activities of food enzymes and other chemical reactions within food itself * food enzymes are natural in healthy, uninfected foods * activity is intensify right after harvest * activity is sometimes desirable * can be inactivated by heat, chemicals and irradiation, etc. 4. Inappropriate temperatures (heat and cold) for a given food * heat and cold can cause deterioration if not controlled 10-38C (normal working temperature) * excessive heat denatures p break downein, breaks emulsion, dries out food by eva poration and destroys vitamins * uncontrolled cold FAV are frozen discoloration, changes in texture. can break emulsion such as in take out denatures milk protein chill injury 5. Either the gain or loss of moisture Aw and Moisture contentedness (needed by microorganisms for growth and by different chemical reactions) 6. Reaction with type O * can cause chemical oxidation of nutrients, colors, flavors * required for growth of some microorganisms * can be excluded by vacuum packaging, addition of oxygen scavengers 7. Light * can destroy some vitamins (riboflavin, A and C) deteriorates many food colors * in milk can cause sunlight flavors (induced fat oxidation and changes in CHON) * Can be minimized by opaque packaging 8.Time * quality decreases with time * object is to maintain and capture freshness of foods * to extract shelf life adequate processing, packaging and storage Spoilage of Different Kinds of Foods 1. Bread Mold results in discoloration of the bread Ropiness soft and sticky to touch, caused by sporeforming bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis 2. Honey * high sugar(70-80%) and acidic (pH= 3. 2-4. 2) * chief cause of spoilage Zygosaccharomyces mellis 3. Candy * not subject to microbial spoilage (high sugar and low MC) * except chocolate with soft centers (burst and may explode), cause by Clostridium spp.4. Fruits and Vegetables * spoilage due to physical factors, action of their enzymes, microbial action or combination of these agents * microbial spoilage may be due to plant pathogen and/or saprophytic microorganisms * general type of spoilage * bacterial soft rot (Erwinia caratova) * gray mold rot (Botrytis cinerea) * rhizopus rot (Rhizopus nigricans) * anthracnose (Colletotrichum lindemuthianum) * blue mold rot (Penicillium) * black mold rot (Aspergillus niger) 5. Fruit Juices * acidic (pH 2. 4-4. 7), all contain sugars (2-17%) * molds.* alcohol fermentation 6. Sauerkraut * inferior quality due to brachydactylous ferment ation high temp low temp too long fermentation * surface spoilage (destroy the acidity, permit other microorganisms to grow, softening, darkening and bad flavors) 7. Fresh Eggs * Defects cracks, leaks, dirty spots on the out-of-door (will favor spoilage on storage) * Changes caused by microorganisms during storage * green rot (Pseudomonas fluorescens) giving green color of the egg white * colorless rot (various microorganisms) yolk is affected 8. Meat and Meat Products.* raw shopping centre enzyme, microorganisms, oxidation of fats * beef moderate heart of autolysis is desired to tenderize it, excessive autolysis (souring) * general principles * Factors influencing invasion of tissues by microorganisms * load in the gut of the animal * physiological condition of the animal forwards slaughter * method of killing and bleeding Factors affecting the growth of microorganisms in heart * kind and amount of microorganisms * physical properties of meat (exposed area, grinding) * chemica l properties of the meat (MC, protein, CHO, pH).* availability of oxygen * temperature General types of spoilage in meat * aerobic condition * surface slime (Pseudomonas, Achromobacter, Streptococcus, Leuconostoc, Bacillus, Micrococcus) * surface discoloration (Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas, Micrococcus/Flavobacterium) * oxidation of fats * stickiness (molds) * whiskers (Thamnidium elegans, Mucor mucedo) * anaerobic condition * putrefaction, souring Cured meats addition of nitrates inhibit growth of microorganisms, spoilage same with fresh if stored improperly 9. Fish and Other Seafoods.* spoiled by autolysis, oxidation or bacterial activity * factors influencing spoilage * kind of search flat fish vs. round fish, fatty fish deteriorates faster * condition of fish when caught exhaust spoil rapidly * kind and extent of contamination of the fish flesh with bacteria * temperature * use of an antibiotic ice or dip evidences of spoilage * brightness fades and dirty, yellow discolora tion appears * slime on the fish increases * eyes gradually sink * gills light pink to grayish yellow * softening of the flesh.* development of off-colors 10. bird * chief source of spoilage bacteria * bacterial growth takes place on the surface and any cut surfaces and the decomposition products diffuse slowly into the meat * off-odor is noted when the bacterial count is at 2. 5 x 106 cfu/cm2 * Psuedomonas and Achromobacter * Micrococcus, Flavobacterium and Achromobacter * Surface of skin becomes slime, acid/sour odor 11. Milk Chief type of spoilage * Souring or acid formation * Gas production * Proteolysis * Ropiness * Surface or throughout the milk.

Communication Styles Essay Example for Free

parley Styles EssayWhat is Communication and Communication Styles?Communication according to Webster Dictionary is defined as a process by which information is transfer between individuals through a common system of symbols, signs, or behavior (Merriem-Webster). Communication can be verbal and in this day in age text and email. Communication styles atomic number 18 the behaviors in talk that are observed by others. This paper will discuss communication, the four types of communication styles, why communication styles matter and how to improve on them.Four Types of Communication StylesThe four types of communication styles include inactive, unresisting aggressive, aggressive and assertive. Below you will find the definitions of each * The Passive Style Communication is d champion in an apologetic, fainthearted manner that leads to being disregarded by others. * The Passive Aggressive Style This style is similar to the passive style in that they hide their real thoughts i n feelings but in turn will distil these thoughts and feeling indirectly through often forbid actions. (e.g. talking behind backs, causing conflicts indirectly, getting all the same in an indirect manner) (Dr. D. A. Williams and Dr. M. Carey).* The Aggressive Style This style is characterized by an individual being argumentive, threatening, fighting, and having a lean to interrupt during conversing. Individuals who communicate in this style rich person no problems with standing up for themselves and communication hardly how they feel. * The Assertive Style This style is the healthiest and most balanced communication style. This style is characterized expression of feelings, self-pride, and self-regard, while at the same time being considerate of others (Dr. D. A. Williams and Dr. M. Carey).Communication styles that can lead to problems are the aggressive style, the passive style, and the passive-aggressive style (Dr. D. A. Williams and Dr. M. Carey). The disadvantages to the pa ssive communication style you are unable to express your true thought and emotions in the fear of rejection, being misunderstood. These types of communicators often go throughout life feeling out of control, depressed, anxious and modest self esteem because they are unable to effectively able to communicate their needs. These types of communicators are often interpreted advantage of by others because they come off so timid.Those who have an aggressive communication have a tendency to alienate others because of their aggressive style of communication. The aggressive communicator uses belittlement, humiliation, and overall overbearing demeanor to control a conversation and get their message across. Passive aggressive communicators also alienate others. They are often remaining feeling resentful and powerless because they do not communicate their feelings and allow them to bottle up resulting in anger, stress. Often times passive communicators cause conflict with those in their lives because they tend to communicate negative feelings sublimely through their actions. Individual who use an assertive style is far much easy familiarised because they have the power to effectively communicate their thoughts and feelings while considering the feelings of others. wherefore Do Communications Styles Matter?Having the major power to communicate effectively is very important. The style or way in which we communicate effects the relationships we have throughout life and how others view you. In order to succeed in a career star must be able to communicate effectively. More than ever before, the ability to communicate well determines an employees ability to thrive in todays workplace (Kapusta, M. Ph. D). These people are always in demand (A prime exemplification of this is the recent debate between Mitt Romney and hot seat Obama. During the first debate Romney often interrupted the moderator and the President he seemed to be communicating in an aggressive style. Those i n the media reported that he was not looked upon well by some because of it.Improving Communication SkillsIn order to improve on your communication styles one must identify your communication style, identify problematic situations, and given you have some areas that could be improved, dress changing your communication skills style (Dr. D. A. Williams and Dr. M. Carey). Many are just not sureof or never even thought about what their communication style is. If you realize that you communicate in a more aggressive style just simply try and be more aware of your tone, body language, and earshot skills. If one is educated on this subject and understands the components of all four of the communication styles as with anything else, practice makes perfect. outcomeAs previously stated your communication style can either enhance or negatively affect many aspects of your life. Being able to communicate effectively will avoid conflict and error with those around you. Beyond just being aware of your personal communication style and practicing to improve at that place are several other ways in which you can improve in this area. There are classes available in public speaking and communication and interpersonal skills. So be self aware and ask for feedback from others, your relationships and even your career depends on it.ReferencesDr. D. A. Williams and Dr. M. Carey. Getting the Most Out of Your Interactions with Others. Use effective communication. Retrieved from http//www.med.umich.edu/painresearch/patients/Communication.pdf Kapusta, M. Ph. D. Why Communication Matters. Retrieve from http//www.studentaffairs.pitt.edu/sites/default/files/PDFsandForms/OCC/WhyCommunicationMatters.pdf Merriem-Webster Dictionary. Communication Definition. Retrieved fromhttp//www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/common